the Second wave: Present
After the era of "continental" block economy, the market-bigger than before- needed to rebuild new standard. All countries have differ laws and regulations. Also, traditional leading group-european and American- needed to higher hurdle for earn time from japan's merciless technologies and quality. They had to keep their companies and market.
Safety
Toyota,the predetor, conquered north ametica market. The color of rust belt got more red and red. American gorvenment took gloves to hit Toyota,specific,Takata airbag. Toyota almost went knock down like sandbag Ali hit as he said "sting like a bee". Safety is good name to conceal the truth. Actually, casus belli was a trade war. After this event, the automotive industry focused on safety to avoid tons of fine from foreign government.
Functional safety
As a result, Functional safety became hot issue. Toyota ,in fact, is known of good manufacturing technology. You would heard "kaizen" and "TPS". E/E components are core problems of this tragic panelty. German automotive industry moved faster with "de facto". They are ready but emerging carmakers like Korea and china don't. Korea is moving his ass to follow them, China gives up and focus on EV.
Electrification
Functional safety is for E/E system. Electrification means the hurdle of automotive market is higher and higher. Korea, the empire of hyundai never hacve emerged new carmaker(can mass product) since 1998.
Autonomous driving and mobilty
Recently, automous driving is the most important topic of automotive industry. Human is no longer control the vehicle. And vehicle is not closed system anymore. Furthermore, the vehicle corresponds others(vehicles or data servers) and shares data. It means ASIL level is at least C or D. We need more than EGAS monitoring concept. And cutting-edge technologies bring new threat, Hacking.
You may guess what I am about to say, Cybersecurity.
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